Common neuropathic pain syndromes (NeUP) include painful neuropathy (e.g., due to diabetes), postherpetic neuralgia, peripheral nerve injury, radiculopathy, cancer-related neuropathic pain, central post-stroke pain, and neuropathy resulting from trauma or entrapment.

Pharmacological treatment fails to provide adequate pain relief in many patients. Consequently, there is an unmet need for newer approaches, particularly interventional techniques such as neuromodulation. Traditionally, treatment is pharmacotherapy, with the primary focus being symptomatic treatment. A recent meta-analysis and the Special Interest

Group on Neuropathic Pain (SIGNP) have proposed gabapentinoids, tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), and selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) as first-line medications for neuropathic pain. Lidocaine, capsaicin, and tramadol have been proposed as second-line treatments, while strong opioids (morphine and oxycodone) and botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) have been listed as third-line treatments for peripheral neuropathic pain.

However, they are not included in many NeuP treatment guidelines. Interventional pain management (IPM) modalities such as pulsed radiofrequency (RF), cryotherapy, peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS), and spinal cord stimulation (SCS) hold much promise, as reported in recent literature.